基于单片机的航向和舵角一体化指针式复示器的设计

Design of Integrative Pointer Repeater of Course and Rudder Based on Microcontroller

针对船舶数字化和指针式复示器直观的特点,设计了不含大变比机械齿轮和不需人工基准位置调节的具有IEC61162标准数字信号输入的航向和舵角一体化指针式复示器;分析复示器的信号流后指出,其本质是由航向外表盘、航向内表盘和舵角指针组成的三个位置随动控制系统;设计了以步进电机为执行器和以步进脉冲计数进行位置估计和在基准位置点通过霍尔元件和永久磁铁进行精确位置测量相结合的控制方案;复示器采用了C8051F023单片机,通过其片上模拟差分输入和线性霍尔元件实现了刻度盘基准位置的精确测量;通过其片上PCA和中断程序实现了电子齿轮;试验表明,该复示器设计稳定可靠,具有较高的性价比。

Aiming at the trend of shipping digitization and the distinctness of pointer type repeater, this paper designs an integrative pointer repeater of the eourse and rudder of shipping without big ratio gear and initial position adjustment of the pointers, which can convert the course and rudder digital signals conforming to IEC61162 to the pointer display. After analyzing the information flow of the repeater, it is pointed out that the repeater is actually a position follow-up control system composed of the outer dial, the inner dial and the rudder pointer. A control scheme is designed, which uses a ste Proctor as an actuator and combines the position estimation based on the ste Ppulses and the precise benchmark measurement composed of two Hall elements and a permanent magnet. The repeater uses C8051F023 to get high resolution measurement of the benchmark positions by the means of on chi Panalog differential input and linear Hall elements and implement the electronic gearbox by the on chi PPCA and the corresponding interruption subroutine. The test shows the repeater design is stable and reliable and owns high cost performance.