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防护水平状态和运动负荷对人员热应激反应的影响

Heat Strain for Personnel Wearing Three Levels of Protective Ensembles at Moderate and Heavy Workloads
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摘要 在一个模拟热环境中,试验研究了不同防护水平和运动负荷条件下人员生理热应激反应的特点和规律。受试者为6名健康男性青年,每人均需完成各种条件下的6次热负荷试验。三种防护水平为佩戴防毒面具、穿着防毒服和着佩全身防护装具;中、重两种运动负荷相应的跑台速度、坡度分别为1.11m/s、5%和1.39m/s、5%,相应的试验持续时间分别为60和45min。测试的生理指标包括肛温、皮温、心率、出汗率和汗蒸发率等。试验结果表明:防护水平和运动负荷对人员的心率反应、肛温和皮温的增加速率、以及出汗率等都有显著影响;在两种运动负荷条件下,受试者的汗蒸发率能力依防毒面具、防毒服和全身防护着装状态依次降低。因此,防护着装对汗液蒸发能力的限制、以及运动所致代谢产热的增加都是加剧人员热应激反应的重要因素。 The effects of individual protective ensembles and workloads on personnel's physiological heat strain were experienced by personnel in a hot environment (35℃,55% relative humidity).Six young males performed treadmill tests at both moderate (ML:1 11m/s,5% grade) and heavy (HL:1 34m/s,5% grade) workloads.They weared three levels of protective ensembles:protective mask only (PM),protective clothing only(PC),and full protective ensembles(FP).Tests lasted 60min and 45min,respectively,for ML and HL.Physiological measurements included heart rate(HR),rectal (T re ) and skin(T sk ) temperature,sweat rate(SR),and sweat evaporative rate(ER).Differences between the ensembles and the workloads were significant for HR responses.The increase rate in T re and T sk ,and SR,ER were siginficantly reduced from PM and PC to FP condition during ML and Hl tests. The sweat evaporation restriction of ensembles and the increase of heat production from execise are the main factors of enhancing the heat strain.
出处 《卫生研究》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 1998年第6期361-364,共4页 Journal of Hygiene Research
基金 国防科工委科研基金
关键词 防护水平 防毒面具 防毒服 热应激反应 运动负荷 protective level,protective mask,protective clothing,heat strain,workload
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