氨基功能载体固定化酶研究进展

Progress in enzyme immobilization with amino-functional carriers

综述了甲壳素、壳聚糖天然氨基功能载体和氨基化硅胶化学合成载体的制备方法,并介绍了利用戊二醛直接固定、载体活化和酶活化固定化酶的方法,最后对氨基功能载体固定化酶的发展趋势加以评述:在利用氨基功能载体固定化酶过程中,有必要有针对性地合成一些新的氨基功能载体,使其反应条件更温和、酶的固载量更大、酶活力回收率更高、稳定性更强。或者针对特定的载体和酶,通过结合配体、添加稳定剂、固定前修饰、固定后修饰和后固定化技术处理等方法,进一步改善固定化酶的性能。

Amino-functional carriers for enzyme immobilization are reviewed,including natural polymers chitin and chitosan as well as synthetic amino-functional silica gel carriers.Enzyme immobilization with methods of glutaraldehyde crosslinking,carrier pre-activation and enzyme pre-activation are summarized.Development trends for enzyme immobilization using amino-functional carriers are also discussed.To afford more moderate reaction conditions,larger enzyme immobilization amount and higher enzyme activity recovery and stability,it is necessary to further investigate new amino-functional carriers for enzyme immobilization.As for specific carriers and enzymes,immobilized enzyme performance can be further improved through optimized combinations of ligand,stabilizer addition as well as modification before and after immobilization and post-treatment.