论中国式大团圆背后所隐藏的深刻社会悲剧性

On the Profound Social Tragedy behind the Chinese Happy Ending

在戏剧研究界,将大团圆与悲剧联系在一起,往往有着明确的所指——中国传统戏曲中悲剧的大团圆结局,由此也引出了关于中国传统戏曲中有没有悲剧等一系列的争论。尤其是大团圆的结局不仅是在中国传统戏曲中常见,在中国古代的叙述文学中更是比比皆是,但是大团圆结局并不是中国叙事文学的专利,在国外的文学作品中也是司空见惯。从中国古典戏曲为代表的叙事文学出发,通过将中国古典戏曲的大团圆结局与西方文学作品中的大团圆结局的对比,研究这种大团圆结局在情节结构上的特征,就能分析其中隐藏的深刻的社会悲剧性。

In the opera research circle, the happy ending is linked with the tragedy, showing a clear meaning--- the happy ending of tragedy in Chinese traditional opera, thus also raising a series of arguments that there is no tragedy in traditional Chinese opera. Especially, the happy ending is not only common in Chinese traditional operas, but also is described pervasively in Chinese ancient narrative literature. However, the happy ending is not the patent of Chinese narrative literature, but also common in foreign literature. Starting from the narrative literature with Chinese classical opera as the representative, through comparing the happy ending in Chinese classical opera with that in Western literature, this paper is to research the structural characteristics of the happy ending in order to analyze the hidden profound social tragedy behind it.