孟子诗学述论

Comment on Mencius' Poeties

孟子所处的战国时期,卿大夫们赋诗言志的风气已经消歇,更加注重对《诗经》意义的探讨。孟子为了宣扬他心目中的王道和儒家思想,不仅强调《诗经》的历史价值和政治作用,并且提出了"知人论世"、"以意逆志"等诗学理论,对后人理解文学作品具有很大的启发作用。在游说诸侯的过程中,孟子以《诗》证史,为自己的仁政学说提供让人信服的依据,《诗经》在孟子的手中成为了证成己说的权威文献根据。

During the Warring States Period, ministers had stopped expressing aspirations through composing poems, and they paid more attention to the discussion of the significance of the Book of Songs. In order to advocate his ideas of benevolent government and confucianism, Mencius not only emphasized the historical value and political function of the Book of Songs ,but also put forward the poetic the ories of ＂judging peolpe and times＂ and ＂grasping the essence via thorough understanding＂, which enlightened people on the understanding of literary works. In the process of persuading the dukes. Meneius made full use of the Book of Songs to provide convincing evidence for his policy of benevolence. The Book of Songs had become the absolute authority of mencias.