运动性构音障碍言语声学水平客观评价的研究进展

Advance in Evaluation on Speech and Phonation in Dysarthria(review)

构音障碍是由于中枢或周围神经损伤所致的与言语产生有关的运动控制障碍而引起的运动性言语障碍。构音障碍降低患者的言语清晰度和社会交流能力,并影响其生活质量。对构音障碍的评价分为主观评价及客观仪器检查,后者主要有电子喉镜、声门图、电子腭位图、鼻流量测定以及包括语图、轮廓声谱图、扰动和噪声测量在内的声学分析等。其中利用多维嗓音程序进行定量声学分析是国外常用的研究方法。国内多将此项技术用于正常人群及喉科疾病患者嗓音研究,也用于腭裂、帕金森病和脑瘫患者语音特征的研究,尚未见到关于运用多维嗓音程序对脑血管病及脑外伤所致构音障碍进行声学分析的报道。

Dysarthria is collective name for motor speech disorders resulting from disturbance in the speech control mechanism due to the damage to the central or peripheral nervous systems. The speech intelligibility （SI） and communication ability of dysar- thrie patient are affected, impacting quality of life. Evaluation of dysarthric speech involves subjective and objective measurement which contains electrolaryngoscope, glottograph, electropalatography, nasalance evaluation, acoustic analysis including sonogram, spectrogram, perturbation and noise measurements. Multi-Dimensional Voice Program （MDVP） is a commonly used quantitative acoustic analysis of dysarthric speech. However, in the mainland of China, it is applied in researches on voice of normal people and patients with laryngological diseases and researches on voice characteristics of patients with Parkinson disease or cerebral palsy. To date, no study on the acoustic analysis using MDVP for dysarthric patients with cerebrovascular disease or traumatic brain injury is reported.