大花三色堇育种研究进展

Research Advances in Breeding of Pansy (Viola × wittrockiana)

该文概括总结了目前国内外有关大花三色堇(Viola×wittrockiana Gams.)的种质资源、主要性状遗传改良和育种技术等方面的研究进展。大花三色堇品种丰富,且近缘种众多;国内外对大花三色堇的主要观赏性状、营养性状及抗性等的遗传与改良进行了较为细致的研究;通过采用杂交育种、多倍体育种、诱变育种和组织培养等技术取得了众多研究成果。雄性不育、花色花斑遗传规律和生物技术成为大花三色堇育种研究的工作重点。我国今后应在保护和利用其种质资源的基础上,加快对大花三色堇新品种的培育。

We reviewed studies of germplasm resources, heredity and improvement of main characters, and the breeding technology of pansy （Viola × wittrockiana Gams.）. Cultivars and related species of pansy are abundant. Heredity and improvement of main ornamental characters, nutrient characters and resistance features have been studied to some extent. Great achievements have been gained by crossing, polyploid breeding, mutation breeding and tissue culture. Male sterility, heredity of floral color and color pattern and biotechnology are key points in breeding of pansy. Germplasm resources of pansy within China should be protected and used and new cultivars developed for flower markets.