二个哌嗪季铵盐表面活性单体的合成与界面性能

Synthesis and Interfacial Properties of Quaternary Ammonium Cationic Surface Monomer Bearing Piperazine Group

以甲基丙烯酰氯、11-溴代十一醇、1,4-二甲基哌嗪和溴甲烷为原料,合成新型单季铵盐表面活性单体1-甲基丙烯酸十一酯基溴化1,4-二甲基哌嗪(PQ),并经过进一步季铵化得到相应的双季铵盐表面活性单体1-甲基丙烯酸十一酯基二溴1,4-二甲基哌嗪(PQ);通过核磁共振氢谱和元素分析证实了产物的结构,并且将PQ和PQ的临界胶束浓度和表面张力以及其相关界面性质,采用表面张力测定与电导率测定两种方法进行表征.结果表明:通过酰氯化、两次季铵化三步有机反应,可合成制得哌嗪系列季铵盐表面活性单体PQ和PQ;在25℃下纯水中PQ和PQ的临界胶束浓度分别为44.6 mmol/L和67.3 mmol/L,对应的表面张力分别为35.5 mN/m和37.9 mN/m,表明PQ和PQ都具有良好的表面活性和界面性能.

Novel monovalent quaternary ammonium surface monomer 1-undecylmethacrylate-l-bromide- 1, 4-dimethylpiperazine （PQ I ） and divalent quaternary ammonium surface monomer 1- undecylmethacrylatedibromide-1, 4-dimethylpiperazine （PQⅡ ） were synthesized successfully by using methacryloyl chloride, 11-bromoundecan-l-ol, 1, 4-dimethylpiperazine and methyl bromide as raw materials under the suitable conditions. As-synthesized products （PQ I and PQⅡ ） were characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy and elemental microanalysis respectively. Additionally, the critical micelle concentrations （CMC） and surface tension were also measured. The results show that PQ I and PQ can be synthesized easily through three steps （once acryloyl chloridation and twice quaternary） under the suitable conditions. In 25℃pure water, the CMC of PQ I and PQⅡ are 44. 6 mmol/L and 67.3 mmol/L respectively and the corresponding surface tension ）＇cMcare 35. 5 mN/m and 37.9 mN/m.