加入WTO对我国收入不平等的影响——基于微观面板数据的实证研究

Effect of Entry into WTO on China's Wage Inequality:Empirical Investigation Based on Micro Panel Data

本文分析了加入WTO前后我国贸易模式的变化及其对我国劳动者收入不平等的影响,并利用微观数据,通过计量模型对上述影响关系进行了实证检验。本文的主要研究结论有二:第一,我国加入WTO后,低技术工人密集部门的关税降低幅度大于高技术工人密集的部门,从而使得低技术工人对高技术工人的相对劳动回报降低;第二,上述现象通过S-S定理阐明的产品价格和要素回报之间的影响机制,加剧了我国不同技术层次劳动者之间的收入差距。因此,加入WTO是加剧我国劳动者收入不平等的一个重要因素。

This paper investigates the transmutation of China＇ s trade pattern after China＇ s en- try into WTO and its impact on income inequality. It tests the theoretical implication of such pat- tern based on micro data and generates two main findings. Firstly, after China entered into WTO, the unskilled-labor intensive sectors experienced larger tariff reductions than the skilled-labor inten- sive sectors, so that the economy-wide return to unskilled labor relative to skilled labor decreased. Secondly, the above evidence states, according to S-S theorem which states the relationship between price and return, trade liberalization increases the wage inequality amongst workers of different level of skills in China. Both of the findings lead us to the conclusion that trade liberalization largely contributes the wage inequality in China.