民国时期考古学学科生成环境论析

On the Circumstances of the Setup Archaeology during the Republic of China Period

20世纪20年代,在"中国文化西来说"的刺激下,近代考古学因特殊的实证作用被推到了中国文明探源的最前沿,成为重建中国古史体系的唯一承载工具。然而,由于新的考古学观念与中国本土文化观念相凿枘,社会对新的考古方法认可度普遍较低。加上民国时期社会动荡,考古工作环境恶劣等,又严重掣肘了近代考古学的进一步发展。重托下的掣肘构成了民国时期考古学学科生成的特殊环境。

In Twenties of the 20th century, the modem archaeology based on its special positive research was pushed to the forefront of researching the origin of Chinese civilization and became the only tool of the reconstruction of Chinese ancient history system under the influence of the theory ＂Chinese Culture from the West＂. However, the modem archaeological theory couldn＇t be adapted to the Chinese traditional culture, so it was difficult for the society to accept the new methods of the modem archaeology. Besides, the other factors such as the social unrest and the poor archaeological working conditions also constrained the further development of the modem archeology. All these factors formed the special circumstances of the modem archaeology during the Republic of China period.