清末民国时期东北地区粮食种植结构与布局的变迁

The Changes of the Composition of the Grain Plantation in the Northeast China during Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China Period

粮食种植结构和布局的变化是粮食生产及农业生产发展状况的重要反映。清末,东北地区粮食种植结构的状况是高粱、大豆、谷子、小麦四大作物并举,并形成"南豆北麦"的商品粮基本格局。民国时期,东北粮食种植结构进一步变化,由于大豆生产商品化的发展,东北的粮食种植结构呈现出以大豆为主体的、单一化的形态。同时,随着农业商品经济的发展与繁荣,粮食生产布局发生变化,商品粮产地逐渐北移,东北地区的粮食生产走向专业化和区域化。

The change of the composition of the grain plantation can reflect the grain production. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, in the Northeast China, sorghum, soybean, millet and wheat were planted simultaneously, forming the basic commodity grain pattern of ＂south bean, north wheat＂. During the Republic of China Period, the grain plantation composition in the Northeast China changed further. As a result of the development of the soybean production commercialization, the soybean stood out as a main single plant in the grain plantation composition in Northeast China. At the same time, along with the commodity farming development and prosperity, the grain production layout changed, and the commodity grain places were gradually expanded to the north, therefore, the grain production of the Northeast China turned to specialization and regionalization. ,