二战后加拿大土著民族政策的演变

Evolution of Canadian Native Policy since World War Ⅱ

二战后,加拿大政府适时调整土著民族政策,逐渐改变此前长期推行的同化政策。它首先于1951年修改了印第安人法,取消了明显歧视土著民族的规定,制订了一些有利于土著民族的条款。然后,联邦政府于二十世纪七八十年代连续出台土著土地赔偿政策,推动土著土地赔偿在80年代以后蓬勃发展起来。与此同时,加拿大土著民族自治政策出台,促进了土著民族自治运动迅速兴起,成为加拿大土著民族政策的主要特征。

Since World War Ⅱ, Canadian Government has changed its Native Policy from the assimilation policy that it had carried out since the foundation of Confederation. It first amended the Indian Act in 1951, abolishing the discriminatory provisions about the native peoples and promulgating some new ones which were conducive to Indians, Metis and Inuit. Then federal government began to carter to the needs of Native peoples, furthering the rapid solution to Native Land Claims in the 1980s. At the same time, with the upsurge of Native Self-determination movement, Canadian Government carried out the Native Self-determination policy, which stimulated the rapid development of the movement.