被动吸烟对大鼠卵巢及胚胎发育的影响

Effect of passive smoking on ovarian function and the embryo development in rats

目的观察被动吸烟对大鼠卵巢功能和胚胎发育的影响。方法健康雌性Wistar大鼠80只,随机分为对A、B两组。A组(25只)为正常对照组,B组(55只)被动吸烟3个月建立大鼠被动吸烟模型。取A组大鼠14只、B组15只心脏取血测E2、P。剩余A组、B组大鼠雌雄合笼,计数怀孕大鼠。B组怀孕大鼠再随机分为B1组和B2组。B1组停止吸烟,和A组在正常条件下饲养;B2组继续被动吸烟。怀孕20 d解剖孕鼠,记录每组胚胎植入数,活胎、吸收胎、死胎、畸胎数及胎重、身长、尾长等。结果被动吸烟模型建立后,B组大鼠血清中E2、P水平与A组相比明显降低(P均<0.05)。雌雄合笼后B组大鼠怀孕率与A组相比明显降低(P<0.01)。B1、B2组大鼠与A组相比及B2组大鼠与B1组相比吸收胎、死胎率升高,胎鼠体重、身长、尾长降低,P均<0.05。结论被动吸烟严重影响雌性大鼠卵巢功能及胚胎发育。孕后戒烟并不能完全消除被动吸烟对胚胎的影响。

Objective To observe the effects of passive smoking on the ovarian functions and embryo development. Methods Eighty Wistar female rats were divided into two groups randomly： control group （ A group,25 rats） and experimental group（B group,55 rats）. In the chamber made by ourselves for passive smoking experiment ,the B group rats were established an animal model of passive smoking for 3 months. The serum from 14 rats in group A and 15 rats in group B were gained, the estradiol and progesterone level were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The other rats were pregnant,then the pregnant rats were subjected to different groups. Rats in group B1 quited passive smoking, rats in group B2 were still exposed to tobacco smoke. Then the number of implantations,livings, absorbed fetuses, deaths and the rate of malformation were counted for each group and dealt with statistical analysis. Results The OD ratio of estradiol and progesterone were lower in D group B than group A（ P 〈 0.05 ）. There were obvious difference on absorbed or death embryo number and embryo weight ,IUGR percentage ,length and between the groups. The weight of embryo in all smoking groups were obvious lower than that in control group. Conclusion Secretory function of ovary was decreased by passive smoking. Passive smoking could disturb the embryo development under the present conditions and quit passive smoking can not change the bad influence completely.