摘要
总量控制是控制污染源发展趋势、改善环境质量、实现经济社会可持续发展的重要途径,如何在适度公平的基础上寻求环境、经济、技术、资源等整体最优是环境科学领域的研究课题。本文以工业城市苏州市为例,研究其工业化学需氧量的排放特征,以基尼系数法分行业对其工业化学需氧量排放量的公平性进行评价,并将总量控制与资源、社会和经济相联系,以行业经济效益最大化和增加治理投资费用最小化为目标,利用多目标行业总量优化分配模型对苏州市的工业化学需氧量排放总量进行优化分配。研究结果表明,纺织业、化学原料及化学制品制造业、能源和水的生产与供应业、造纸及木材加工、医药制造业等行业是苏州市的化学需氧量重点排放行业,经优化分配后,COD排放总量削减了10%,新鲜用水量减少了41.81%,行业年总产值增幅达到214.69%,资源和水环境容量在满足一定的经济增长速度的条件下实现优化配置,总量控制制度在市场经济体制下发挥出尽可能大的环境效益和经济效益。
Total amount control is an important approach to control the pollution, improve the environment quality and realize sustainable development. How to find a optimal model to balance environment, econumy, technology and resource under a relatively fair condition is a research subjec! in environmental science. This article studies the emission characteristics of industry COD in Suzhou city, and uses Gini coefficient to evaluate the equity of COD emission distribution of by. Meanwhile, this study relates the total amount control with resource, society and economic：, aiming to maximize the eeononfic benefits and minimize the investment cost of pollution control. The multi - object optimal industry total distribution mc^tel is used to redistribute the total amount of COD among industries of Suzhou. The results show that textile industry., chemical materials and chemical products industry, energy and water proctuction and supply industry, papennaking and wood processing industry and medicine industry are primary COD emission industries. After optimal distribution of total COD, the rate of COD emission decreased 10%, fresh water consumption decreased 41.81% and industry annual total output value increased 214.69%. Also, resources and water environmental capacity could realize the optimal allocation under the Corresponding speed of economic growth. Total amount control may create the largest potential environmental and economic benefits under market economy system.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第3期124-129,共6页
China Population,Resources and Environment
