小说叙述距离的审美本质及艺术生成

Aesthetic essence and artistic creation of narrative distance of novels

叙述距离是美学和文艺学上的一个重要概念,是布斯在《小说修辞学》中提出来的。叙述距离是小说叙述主体(隐含作者、叙述者和人物)之间的距离,是作者在小说创作中运用各种叙事技巧精心创造出来的,它的有效控制是读者审美距离形成的必要前提,所以,距离控制是小说最根本的修辞目的;而陌生化是小说叙述距离的修辞本质。

Narrative distance is an important concept in aesthetics and study of art and literature, whicn was anvanced by Booth in his Rhetoric Of Novel. This paper presents that narrative distance is the distance among narrative subjects （concealed writer, narrator and persons）, which is produced through all of the narrative techniques employed by the writer. The effective controlling of narrative distance is the necessary premise of aesthetic distance of readers. For this reason, controlling distance is the rhetoric goal of the novel, while defamiliarization is rhetoric essence of narrative distance.