“什么”非疑问用法的演变和发展

The Evolvement and the Development of the non-interrogative "Shenme(什么)"

"什么"的非疑问用法大致分三个发展阶段:①唐五代时期;②宋元时期;③明清时期。在唐五代时期,"什么"有了虚指用法,但任指用法还不太稳固,并且指别性虚指明显多于替代性虚指。宋元时期,任指用法趋于稳固,但还没有替代性的任指用法。而明清时期,"什么"的非疑问用法已经很完善,既有虚指,又有任指,既有指别性的用法,又有替代性的用法。总之,"什么"的发展存在两个序列:1)虚指>任指;2)指别性>替代性。

Authors of this paper believe that the non-interrogative ＂Shenme（什么）＂ can be divided into three periods： 1）Tang and Five Dynasties period; 2）Song and Yuan dynasty period, 3）Ming and Qing dynasty period. There are two sequences existing in the development of ＂Shenme（ 什么 ）＂. 1）unclear reference〉arbitrary reference; 2）indicative〉substitutive. The paper also inspects the two sequences from the typological point of view.