基于中小企业角度:非股权战略联盟中不合作行为的成因与对策

Causes and Countermeasures of Noncooperative Behavior in the Strategic Alliance based on Small Medium-sized Enterprises (SME)

随着市场竞争环境的变化,战略联盟成为中小企业提升竞争力的重要工具。中小企业技术、资金、管理、人才、市场网络等方面的实力相对较弱,实施战略联盟有利于中小企业充分发挥特长,整合资源,扬长避短,进行优势互补,建立起自己的竞争优势,从而获得较好的发展,这具有不同于大企业的特殊意义,但参与联盟也有联盟成员不合作的风险。中小企业的实力及未来发展的需要决定了应尽量采用非股权联盟的形式,非股权联盟中不合作行为主要有投机、"要挟"和背叛三种。中小企业应通过分析不合作行为的深层原因、提高核心能力、加强沟通、建立联盟内的中小企业间次级联盟、建立社会资本等措施来减少不合作行为;政府还要推动诚信社会的建设,大力培育促进中小企业合作成长的环境。

To SMEs（Small and Medium Enterprises）, the strategic alliance has played an important role in promoting competitive forces along with the environmental change of market competition. SMEs are relatively weaker in technology, capital, management, human resources, marketing networks and other aspects. Implementation of the strategic alliance is beneficial for small and medium enterprises to give full play to their strengths, integrate resources, and avoid weaknesses to set up their competitive advantages, so as to gain a better development, which has a special meaning different from that of large enterprises, but still there is a risk of other members＂ non-cooperation. The strengths and needs of future development make SMEs decide to adopt non-equity alliance as much as possible, in which the non-cooperation behaviors mainly are speculation, ＂coercion＂ and betrayal. This paper analyzes the deep reason of non-cooperation and suggests that SMEs take such measures as fortifying core competence , enhancing communication and establishing the social capital, and so on, to build up sub-alliance between SMEs in the alliance thus reduce the non-cooperational behavior, and our government should boost the construction of credibility society to cultivate and motivate a good cooperative and growing-up environment for SMEs.