技术创新最优市场结构的理论争论及其评价

The theoretical arguments and evaluation of the optimal market structure of technological innovation

技术创新与市场结构的关系一直是西方微观经济学和产业组织理论研究的争论问题之一。从20世纪30、40年代开始,在旧产业组织理论的框架下,对技术创新的最优市场结构进行了研究,围绕熊彼特假说、阿罗假说和曼斯菲尔德U型假说的验证进行争论。20世纪70年代以来,西方经济学和产业组织理论在这一问题的研究出现了一系列的新进展,从新的视角、新的因素和新的方法研究和探讨了技术创新与市场结构的关系,全面系统地综述微观经济学和产业组织理论技术创新的最佳产业组织选择,可以对提升中国产业整体技术水平,促进自主创新提供理论基础。

The relationship between technological innovation and market structure has always been one of the debate issues in the theory of microeconomics and industrial organization study. In the 30＇s and 40＇s of the 20th century, research was focused on the technology innovation and the optimal market structure under the old framework of the industrial organization theory. The debate was on the verification among the Schumpeter hypothesis , Arrow hypothe- sis and the Mansfield U -hypothesis. Since the 70＇s of the century, a series of new progress, new views, new fac- tors and new methods on this research have been taken on the study of the relationship between technical progress and market structure. And a general summary on microeconomics and industrial organization theory innovation pro- vide theoretical guide for the optimal market choice. It can also improve China＇s whole level of industry and provide some basic theory for the independent innovation.