2008年中央补助山西省地方性砷中毒防治项目调查结果分析

Analysis on the items of endemic arsenism control granted by central government in Shanxi Province in 2008

目的掌握山西省高砷区和地方性砷中毒(地砷病)病区的流行范围和危害程度,为今后的防治工作提供科学依据。方法根据《全国地方病防治项目方案》,选择了10个县348个村作为调查村;水砷筛查采用半定量试剂盒法,水砷定量测定采用氢化物发生-原子荧光法(HG-AFS)进行检验,地砷病诊断按国家地方性砷中毒诊断标准进行,数据处理采用SPSS13.0软件进行。结果在筛查的348个村中有6个县16个村的水砷含量超过了国家标准,水样超标率0.96%。高砷水源普查发现有2个村的水砷浓度>0.15mg/L,病情普查显示,2个村均为轻病区。患者病情以中度以下为主,患者主要集中于中老年。结论山西省又发现了高砷区和地砷病病区,病区均为轻病区,今后仍应继续进行高砷水源筛查。

Objective To master the epidemical areas of the endemic arsenism and provide the scientific evidence of control and prevention. Methods According to ＂The National Technical Scheme for Endemic Disease Control＂, 348 villages in 10 counties were selected. The screening for arsenic content in drinking water was determined with half- quantitative fast reagent-box. The quantitative analysis of arsenic content in drinking water was determined by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry （HG-AFS）. Patients with endemic arsenism were diagnosed by the standard of diagnosis for endemic arsenism. The data were analyzed by SPSS13.0 for windows. Results The arsenic content in the water of 16 villages were above the national drinking water quality level （0.05 mg/L）. The arsenic content of water in 2 villages was above 0.15 mg/L and these2 villages were the slight arsenism districts indicated by the results of census, and the patients were mostly mild poisoning and quinquagenarian. Conclusion Some high arsenic areas and endemic arsenism areas were discovered in Shanxi provienee and the 2 endemic arsenism villages were slight arsenism districts. It is necessary to screen the high arsenic water in the future.