渤海莱州湾春季鱼卵、仔稚鱼生物多样性的年代际变化

Decadal variations of ichthyoplankton biodiversity in spring in Laizhou Bay of the Bohai Sea

通过对1982、1993、2003和2008年渤海莱州湾海域位置相同的12个站位的鱼卵、仔稚鱼调查资料分析,研究了该海域鱼卵、仔稚鱼的种类组成及生物多样性的年代际变化。结果表明,莱州湾鱼卵、仔稚鱼种类大幅减少,由1982年的27种减少到2003年的12种和2008年的14种。鱼卵、仔稚鱼个体资源数量下降趋势明显,2008年个体数量分别为1982、1993和2003年的31.58%、0.61%和5.77%。种类组成相似性分析表明,莱州湾鱼卵、仔稚鱼种类组成年代际间存在显著差异(P<0.05),且有变动加快的趋势。生物多样性指数1993年最低,之后呈上升趋势。

The decadal biodiversity variations of ichthyoplankton collected at the same locations of the Laizhou Bay of the Bohai Sea in 1982, 1993, 2003 and 2008 were studied. The an- alyses indicated that the total number of ichthyoplankton species declined from 27 in 1982 to 12 in 2003 and 14 in 2008. The ichthyoplankton abundance also declined substantially, with the amount in 2008 accounting for only 31.58% in 1982, 0.61% in 1993 and 5.77% in 2003 respectively. Ichthyoplankton composition was significantly different in three decades （P〈0.05）, and showed accelerating change trend. The biodiversity index was at the lowest in 1993 and increased ever since.