摘要
CD4 T 助手(Th ) 房间在适应有免疫力的回答起关键作用。他们包括 B 房间， CD8 T 房间，巨噬细胞，桅杆房间， neutrophils，嗜曙红血球和 basophils 招募并且激活另外的有免疫力的房间。基于他们的功能，他们 cytokine 分泌物的模式和他们特定的抄写因素的表示， Th 房间，区分开来与 na ? ve CD4 T 房间，被分类进四个主要的系， Th1 ， Th2 ， Th17 和 T 规章( Treg )房间，尽管另外的 Th 系可以存在。一样的系的子集可以表示不同受动器 cytokines，在不同地点住或而从不同的系的房间可以分泌普通 cytokines，产生有不同命运的房间，导致 Th 房间人口的巨大的异质，例如 IL-2， IL-9 和 IL-10。另外， cytokine 分泌物的模式可以在某些情形下面向另外一个从一个系的切换，建议 Th 房间是塑料的。Tregs 比原来是思维的也更异构、塑料。在这评论，我们在 Th 房间的异质和粘性上总结最近的报告，并且讨论如此的特征的潜在的机制和 Th 房间显示的含意。
CD4 T helper （Th） cells play critical roles in adaptive immune responses. They recruit and activate other immune cells including B cells, CD8 T cells, macrophages, mast cells, neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils. Based on their functions, their pattern of cytokine secretion and their expression of specific transcription factors, Th cells, differentiated from naive CD4 T cells, are classified into four major lineages, Thl, Th2, Th17 and T regulatory （Treg） cells, although other Th lineages may exist. Subsets of the same lineage may express different effector cytokines, reside at different locations or give rise to cells with different fates, whereas cells from different lineages may secrete common cytokines, such as IL-2, IL-9 and IL-10, resulting in massive heterogeneity of the Th cell population. In addition, the pattern of cytokine secretion may switch from that of one lineage toward another under certain circumstances, suggesting that Th cells are plastic. Tregs are also more heterogeneous and plastic than were originally thought. In this review, we summarize recent reports on heterogeneity and plasticity of Th cells, and discuss potential mechanisms and implications of such features that Th cells display.
