分子标志物在前列腺癌早期诊断中的进展

Advances in biomarkers for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer

较多的研究显示,血清PSA值指导前列腺癌(prostate cancer,PCa)早期诊断的优势不足,例如PSA值在4～10ng/mL时,PCa穿刺阴性率占70%～80%。然而,阴性的穿刺结果并不能完全排除肿瘤的存在。寻找敏感性和特异性更高的肿瘤生物标志物一直是PCa研究的热点。目前,PSA衍生物、PCA3、TMPRSS2:ETS、GSTP1、AMACR、GOLPH2、EPCA和肌氨酸以及多瘤标的联合应用研究受到广泛关注。本文中我们综述了这些分子标志物的研究近况,展望了多瘤标组合在PCa早期诊断中的价值和应用前景,为PCa的早期诊断和预后监测提供参考。

More and more studies have revealed that the level of serum PSA has no ability to guide the early diagnosis of prostate cancer （PCa）. For example, negative prostate biopsies are as high as 70%-80% for patients with serum prostate specific antigen （PSA） ranging between 4 ng/mL and 10 ng/mL. However, the negative results cannot exclude the existence of cancer. In the studies of the early diagnosis of PCa, investigators focused on seeking biomarkers that have higher sensitivity and specificity. Recently, PSA derivatives, HPC1, PCA3, TMPRSS2.ETS, GSTP1, AMACR, GOLPH2, EPCA, sarcosine, and the combination of multiple biomarkers are widely discussed. In this article, we have reviewed their recent development and the prospective value of the combination of multiple biomarkers, which may be helpful for the early diagnosis and the prognostic monitoring of patients with PCa.