常绿阔叶林片段中木荷凋落叶分解速率及中小型土壤节肢动物群落的结构动态

Decomposition of Schima superba leaf litter and dynamics change of soil meso-micro arthropods community structure in evergreen broad-leaved forest fragments

2004年6月—2006年4月,选择浙、闽、赣交界山地的4个森林片段作为研究地点,并以浙西的古田山国家级自然保护区作为连续森林对照,采用尼龙网袋法,研究了不同常绿阔叶林群落优势种木荷凋落叶的分解速率及土壤节肢动物群落的结构和动态.结果表明:5个研究地共获土壤节肢动物1050个,分属8纲23目,其中鳞翅目、膜翅目、弹尾目和双翅目占个体总数的10%以上,为该地区的优势类群.片段化对群落物种组成的影响主要体现在稀有类群的差异上.不同分解阶段各种土壤节肢动物类群优势度因其功能的不同而各异.经过2年的分解,各研究地木荷凋落叶损失量为60%～70%,研究地凋落物中土壤节肢动物的各项多样性指标均有一定的变化,且与连续森林的变化规律不一致.

Taking four evergreen broad-leaved forest fragments within the adjacent mountainous region of Zhejiang,Fujian,and Jiangxi provinces as study objects,and the continuous forest in Gutianshan National Natural Reserve as the control,an investigation was made by litter bag method from June 2004 to April 2006,aimed to understand the community structure and its dynamics change of soil meso-micro arthropods during the decomposition of Schima superba leaf litter.A total of 1050 soil meso-micro arthropods belonging to 8 classes and 23 orders were collected,among which,Lepidoptera,Hymenoptera,Collembola and Diptera were the dominant taxa.The impact of habitat fragmentation on the community composition of soil arthropods was mainly manifested in the differences of rare taxa,and the dominance of different taxa at different decomposition stages of S.superba leaf litter varied with the functions of the taxa in litter decomposition.After two-year decomposition,the mass loss of S.superba leaf litter was 60%-70%,and the species diversity indices of soil arthropods showed certain changes,being different between forest fragments and continuous forest.