血清电解质紊乱对急性脑出血患者预后的影响

The impact of serum electrolytic disorder on the prognosis of acute hematencephalon

目的探讨血清电解质紊乱对急性脑出血患者预后的影响。方法采用回顾性统计方法将同济大学附属第十人民医院2005年5月至2008年10月收治的急性脑出血患者(420例)的血清钠、钾水平分为高钠/钾血症组、正常钠/钾血症组、低钠/钾血症组,分别分析不同电解质水平与病死率之间的关系。结果低血钠组病死率明显高于正常血钠组(P=0.007),高血钠组与正常血钠组比较无显著差异;低血钾组病死率与正常血钾组相比无显著差异,高血钾组病死率与正常血钾组相比有显著差异(P=0.008)。结论急性脑出血常出现血清电解质紊乱,患者的预后与脑出血部位、治疗方法等因素有关。低钠、高钾可以作为判断急性脑出血病情预后的指标之一。

Objective To study the impact of serum electrolyte disorder on the prognosis of acute hematencephalon patients. Methods Four hundred and twenty acute hematencephalon patients from May 2005 to Oct. 2008 in our hospital were divided into hypernatremia /kalemia group, normal natremia/kali group and hyponatremia/kaliopenia group according to the levels of serum natrium and potassium. The relationship of different levels of electrolyte and patients＇ fatality rates were analyzed. Results The fatality rate was higher in hyponatremia group than in normal group （P=0.007） while the fatality rate bad no differences between hypernatremia group and normal group. The fatality rates had significant differences between kalemia group and normal group （P=0.008）, however, there was no difference between kaliopenia group and normal group. Conclusion Acute hematencephalon often accompanies serum electrolytic disorder. The prognosis of acute hematencephalon is related with the location of hematencephalon, therapy methods and so on. Hyponatremia and kalemia can be a sign of prognosis in acute hematencephalon.