头皮针经桡动脉采集血气标本的临床意义

The significance of specimen colleced from radial artery with scalp needle for blood gas analysis

目的探讨头皮针经桡动脉采集血气分析标本的技术方法及临床应用价值。方法回顾分析建设医院内一科2006年1月至2008年11月收治的114例患者资料,其中头皮针经桡动脉采血73例共163次,肝素化注射器经股动脉采血41例共63次,比较两种采血方法对血气分析标本采集的影响。结果头皮针经桡动脉采血法一次穿刺成功率为95.1%(155/163),两次穿刺成功率为4.9%(8/163),无1例误采静脉血,血样标本合格率100%;注射器经股动脉采血法一次穿刺成功率为74.6%(47/63),误采静脉血23.8%(15/63),血样标本合格率65.1%(41/63);两组间穿刺成功率、误采静脉血、血样标本合格率比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论经桡动脉采血具有安全、简便、快捷、采血量少、标本不易混入空气及出现血凝块等优点,该技术方法明显优于肝素化注射器经股动脉采血,应作为临床血气标本采集的首选技术方法而推广应用。

Objective To explore the technical method and clinical value of specimen collected from radial artery with scalp needle for blood gas analysis. Methods 114 patients in the first internal medicine department of our hospital between Jan. 2006 and Nov. 2008 were reviewed,and 163 blood specimens were collected from radial artery with scalp needle in 73 patients while 63 specimens were collected from femoral artery with heparinized injector in 41 patients. Results The successful rate of the first puncture and second puncture, and the mistaking rate of Venous blood collection and qualified rate of blood specimens in scalp needle group were 95.1%（155/163）,4.9%（8/163）,0 and 100% respectively. However,the successful rate of the first puncture,and the mistaking rate of venous blood collection and qualified rate of blood specimens in the injected group were 74.6 %（47/63）, 23.8 % （ 15/63）, and 65.1% （41/63）respectively. There are significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion Specimen colleced from radial artery with scalp needle for blood gas analysis has many merits such as safety, simplicity, quickness, and less specimen need. In addition,the specimen is not easy to be mixed with air and to form blood clot. So this method is superior to the specimen collected from femoral artery with heparinized injector, and should be the first choice for the specimen collection of blood gas analysis.