闸坡站风暴潮增水与热带气旋登陆点及路径的关系

Relation between storm surge and elements of landing location and path of tropical cyclone at Zhapo station

将1992～2006年15a间影响和登陆闸坡站的热带气旋按照登陆点和移动路径进行分类.研究各类热带气旋在闸坡站引起的风暴潮增水峰值的出现时间与热带气旋登陆点及移动路径的关系,定性分析热带气旋风场结构对风暴潮增水的影响并经过2007年至今风暴潮增水预报过程中的实例检验.结果表明:闸坡站的增水类型与热带气旋的登陆地点和路径关系密切.在闸坡站登陆的东北行热带气旋引起的风暴潮增水多出现在登陆前,其他路径则出现在登陆时或登陆后;在闸坡以西登陆的热带气旋引起的风暴潮增水峰值一般发生在登陆时或登陆后1h以内;在闸坡站以东登陆的热带气旋引起的风暴潮增水峰值一般发生在登陆前10h以上;而其他类型的热带气旋引起的风暴潮增水由于个例较少规律尚不明显.

This paper classifies the tropical cyclones which affected or landed on Zhapo station based on their landing sites and paths from 1992 to 2006. The relation between peak-value time of storm surge caused by all types of tropical cyclones and their landing locations and paths are systematically analyzed. On the qualitative analysis of the relation between storm surge and tropical cyclone wind structure and practical tests from 2007 to now, the result shows that the peak-value time has intimate association with the landing location and the path of tropical cyclone. The peak-value happens before tropical cyclone landings when the tropical cyclone landed on Zhapo station and moved northeast, while the peak-value happens when the tropical cyclone landed or after the landings when the tropical cyclone landed on Zhapo station and moved in other paths. The peak-value occurs when the tropical cyclone landed or in 1 hour after the landing when the tropical cyclone landed in the west of Zhapo station. The result is opposite when the tropical cyclone landed in the east of Zhapo station. The example of other types of tropical cyclone is so few that there was no obviou rule.