反馈的作用机理分析与拓展:一类关联-反馈广义闭环协调控制

Investigation on Mechanism and Extension of Feedback:An Extended Closed-loop Coordinate Control of Interconnection-regulation and Feedback

自维纳提出控制论以来,反馈一直就是控制理论与控制方法中的最为基础的概念和方法。该文综述了现有反馈控制与应急关联度控制的进展,并分析指出:经典的闭环反馈控制的主要作用机理之一,是通过反馈渠道闭环信息补偿来改变系统关联结构以达到预设的控制目标。然而,在诸多实际系统、尤其是大系统中,系统的关联关系并非不可直接调节。因此,可将系统关联关系分为两个部分:固定部分和直接可调部分,可以针对可调部分进行开环的直接调节,并与闭环反馈控制协调使用。从而,将经典的闭环反馈形式拓展到一类更为广泛意义下的关联反馈协调广义闭环控制。分析结果指出:这样的控制思想与方法不仅可以描述一大类应急阻隔控制策略,也进一步扩展了现有反馈控制手段。借助这个思想,几乎所有的现有闭环控制理论都可以得到拓展。

Since Wiener proposed the Cybernetics, feedback has always been the most fundamental concept and methodology for control theory and engineering. This paper summarizes the development of the existing feedback control and the emergency interconnections control. It is pointed that the mechanism of the closed-loop feedback can be regarded to be a design to realize the desired performance by changing the interconnections of the systems via feedback gains. However, in many practi000cal systems, especially, in large-scale systems, some of the interconnections may be regulated directely. Usually, the interconnections can be devided into two parts： fixed part and regulatable part. The regulatable part can be assigned directly in an open-loop way while the closed-loop feedback control is implemented in a coordinate way. A novel control way is thus proposed： it consists of an open-loop interconnections assigning and a classical closed-loop feedback control. The analysis shows that this technique not only describes a large class of emergency control strategy but also extends the limitation of feedback control. With this strategy, almost all existing closed-loop feedback control theories and their corresponding methodogy can be extended to a new sphere.