某烟草公司烟草尘和噪声对作业人员职业危害调查分析

Survey of occupational hazards of workers exposed to noise and tobacco dust in a tobacco company

目的为了解某烟草公司工作场所生产性噪声和烟草尘对作业人员健康的影响,为职业防护提供科学依据。方法检测工作场所生产性噪声和烟草尘的浓度,对接触有害因素的作业人员进行职业健康检查。结果现场劳动卫生学调查,卷包岗位噪声超标尤为突出,合格率为2.94%,配料岗位烟草尘浓度超标明显,合格率为25.00%。职业健康检查结果显示,卷包岗位听力损伤检出率最高(25.43%),高血压和心电图异常均高于其他工种;877名作业人员中197人有不同程度的听力损伤,占22.46%,男女性别比较、吸烟组与非吸烟组比较差异均有显著统计学意义(P(0.01);配料岗位肺功能异常检出率最高(9.24%),未见烟草尘肺的发生。结论该烟草公司作业人员健康状况不容乐观,应采取有效措施控制噪声源、降低烟草尘浓度,加强个体防护。

Objective To investigate the influence of noise and tobacco dust on workers in a tobacco company,and provide scientific evidence for occupational protection.Methods Noise and tobacco dust concentration at the workplace were detected,physical examination for the workers exposed to harmful factors was performed.Results Hygienic Survey showed that the noise at the ＂cigarette-rolling＂ place was especially high,the acceptance rate was 2.94%;the tobacco dust concentration at the ＂ingredient-mixing＂ place was obviously high,the acceptance rate was 25.00%.The results of occupational health examination showed that the rate of hearing impairment at the ＂cigarette-rolling＂ place was the highest （25.43%）,hypertension and ECG abnormalities were higher than that of the other types of work;197 out of 877 operating workers had different degree of hearing impairment,accounting for 22.46%.Gender comparison showed that there was significant difference between the smoking group and non-smoking group （P〈0.01）;the abnormal pulmonary function of ＂ingredient-mixing＂ place was the highest （9.24%）,So far,no tobacco pneumoconiosis was found.Conclusions The health status of the workers in the tobacco company was not optimistic,effective measures should be taken to control noise sources and reduce tobacco dust concentration,individual protection should be promoted,and health education should be carried out to prevent occupational diseases.