环境与食品中有机氯农药残留及降解的调查分析

Investigation on the organo-chlorine pesticide residues and degradation in the environment and food

目的了解农产品生产基地、个体农产品生产户粮食、蔬菜、水、土壤及养殖鱼、猪肉有机氯农药残留及降解状况。方法按国标食品卫生检验方法对11类401份食品样品,水55份,土壤65份检测HCH和DDT。结果粮食、蔬菜中未检出有机氯,其中4类食品HCH检出率是7.7%,DDT的检出率是6.23%,个体农户农产品种植土壤HCH、DDT检出10份,检出率为47.6%;水样3份检出HCH和DDT,检出率为16.6%,HCH、DDT残留量与2001年结果比较,除水中降解速度缓慢外,土壤、鱼、鲜猪肉中HCH,DDT则降解较快。结论有机氯农药禁用30多年了,由于在自然环境中降解困难,其残留通过生物体的放大作用,影响了食品质量安全,造成了对人体的危害。

Objective To understand the organo-chlorine pesticide residues and their degradation in the agricultural production base,the individual food production,vegetables,fish and pork.Water and soil were also detected.Methods 401 food samples in eleven categories,55 water samples and 65 samples of soil were tested for HCH,DDT according to the national standard of food hygiene inspection methods.Results Organic chlorine was not found in grain and vegetables.The detection rate of HCH was 7.7% in four categories of food,DDT detection rate was 6.23%;HCH and DDT in 10 soil samples of the individual farm households were found,（47.6%）;HCH and DDT were found in 3 samples of water （16.6%）.The residues of HCH and DDT in the soil,fish,fresh pork were degraded quicker in comparison with the result in 2001,except that in the water.Conclusions Organo-chlorine pesticide has harmful influence to food quality,although it was banned 30 years ago it is still causing great trouble to human body.It is because of its very slow degradation in the natural environment,Further more,the harm of its residues were amplified by the micro-organisms,thus,causing even more trouble.