旅游规模差异及其位序规模体系研究——以浙江省为例

DISPARITY OF TOURISM SCALE AND A RESEARCH ON ITS SYSTEM FOR RANK-SCALE DISTRIBUTION——TAKE ZHEJIANG PROVINCE FOR EXAMPLE

采用标准差(VOC)、变差系数(CV)、基尼系数(G)、首位度(S)、赫芬达尔系数(Hn)和位序规模理论对浙江省11地市1999—2008年国内与入境旅游收入进行分析。研究发现:国内旅游绝对差异快速扩大,相对差异呈缩小趋势,进入集中型分布阶段,向着分散均衡型方向演变,规模指标集聚程度不断降低,竞争态势激烈;入境旅游绝对差异较国内旅游大,呈首位型发展,分散均衡程度低,局部地区高度垄断现象还存在。研究认为:旅游规模差异及其分布是区域综合因素作用的结果;经济发展水平、区位条件和资源禀赋是影响区域旅游规模差异与分布的"三架马车";入境旅游较国内旅游受政治、政策、经济因素的影响大而反映敏感。

This paper makes an analysis of tourism revenue from domestic and inbound tourism in 11 cities of Zhejiang Province during the recent 10 years by using Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variation, Gini Coefficient, Urban Primacy Index, Herfindal Index and the theory of rank-scale. The research shows that the change of absolute difference in domestic tourism is expanding while the change of relative difference is declining; the domestic tourism, whose scale index and agglomeration degree is descending, is transforming from centralization to scattered balance and its competition is aggravated; the absolute difference in inbound tourism is greater than that in domestic tourism; the balance degree of inbound tourism is low and regional monopoly phenomenon still exists. This text thinks： Tourism scale difference and distribution are results of regional comprehensive factors; the economic development level, location conditions and resource endowment are the troika of regional tourism scale difference and distribution; inbound tourism is more sensitive to political factors, policy factors and economic factors than domestic tourism.