我国近代私立高等学校探析

An Analysis of Modern China's Private Colleges and Universities

我国春秋时期即已产生私学。近代意义上的私立高等学校经历了清朝末年的发轫、民国初期的成长、国民政府时期的定型三个不同的历史发展时期。与此同时,政府对私立高等学校的态度也经历了从放任自流、到严加控制、再到规范管理的三个阶段。民国时期私立高等学校在其发展中呈现出的主要特点为:建立了自身合理可行的组织管理体制;其分布地区呈现出严重的不平衡性;办学规模随着时局的变化而有所增减;在办学经费、承受能力等方面远不及公立高等学校。近代私立高等学校的创建与发展对促进我国现代教育的发展有着积极的作用。

In Spring and Autumn period, private school appeared. Modern concept of private colleges and universities has gone through the birth in end of the Qing dynasty, the growth in early Republic of China, shaping in the period of the Nationalist government of those three different historical periods. Meanwhile, the government＇s attitude toward private colleges and universities also experienced from the laissez--faire, to strictly control, to regulate the management of those three phases. Private colleges and universities in the Republic of China has these main features through its development： the establish- ment of a viable and reasonable self--organization and management system; the unbalanced development in geographical distribution; the scale of meet the current situation; Being inferior to public colleges and universities in funding bearing capacity. The development of modern private colleges and universities has promoted the development of China＇s education development actively.