丛枝菌根作用下土壤中多环芳烃的残留及形态研究

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) on Residual and Forms of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils

采用盆栽试验方法，以苊为多环芳烃（PAHs）代表物，研究了丛枝菌根（AM）作用下土壤中PAHs的残留及形态。供试污染土壤中苊的起始浓度为35．0mg／kg。结果表明，AM作用下土壤中苊总残留量明显降低：接种摩西球囊霉菌Glomus mosseae或幼套球囊霉菌Glomus etunicatum后，供试两个污染土样中苊总残留降解率达32．7％～45．2％，比朱接种对照高6．8％～9．8％。有机溶剂提取态是土壤中苊残留的主要部分，AM作用促进了苊各形态之间的转化；接种AM后土壤1、2中苊可脱附态和有机溶剂提取态残留量分别比对照降低了17．0％～37．8％和5．4％～26．6％，而结合态残留量比对照增加了12．2％。89．5％。AM作用能降低土壤中苊可提取态残留含量；但培养55天后土壤中仍有65．7％～81．7％苊属于可提取态残留，对生物有毒害风险。

Pot experiment was conducted with a series of treatments of soils in a greenhouse to investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza （AM） on the residual forms of PAHs in soils. The initial concentrations of acenaphthene in soils were 35.0 mg/kg. It has been found that AM significantly reduced acenaphthene content in soils. The degradation rates of acenaphthene in soils with inoculation of Glomus mosseae and Glomus etunicatum were 32.7% - 45.2%, increased by 6.8% - 9.8% than the control （without AM）. The non-desorbing fractions dominated the total residues of acenaphthene, and AM promoted the transformation between acenaphthene forms. The desorbing fractions and non-desorbing fractions of acenaphthene were 17.0% - 37.8% and 5.4% - 26.6% lower than the control, while the bound residual was 12.2% - 89.5% higher than the control. AM may reduce the amount of extractable residues of acenaphthene, however, the extractable fractions account for 65.7% - 81.7% of total residues of acenaphthene in soils after 55-day incubation, having a toxic risk to organisms.