结构参数对温敏形状记忆机织物记忆性能的影响

Effect of structure parameters on memory properties of thermo-sensitive shape-memory woven fabrics

阐述形状记忆聚氨酯的形成机制及其温度响应特性,介绍形状记忆性能的表征方法。设计开发了不同结构参数的系列温敏形状记忆机织物并测试了记忆性能。结果表明:随着形状记忆(SM)纤维线密度的增加,形状记忆性能的提高程度不明显;组织结构方面以平纹织物的形状记忆性能为最佳,而其他组织结构织物之间无明显差异;随着紧度的增加,单相SM织物的形状回复率(SR)呈下降趋势而形变固定率(SF)略有上升倾向,双相SM织物则SR和SF均呈下降趋势;竹纤维经纱织物的记忆性能最佳,其他纤维经纱织物之间无明显差异;双相SM织物的SR明显高于单相SM织物,而单相SM织物的SF又较为明显地优于双相SM织物;单相SM织物在另一相上也具备形状记忆性能但指标值明显降低;纬纱含SM纤维织物的经向SF总体高于纬向。

The principle of compositionality and temperature-response characteristic of shape-memory polyurethane was introduced and a method to describe this shape-memory properties was given.A series of thermo-sensitive shape-memory woven fabrics which have different structure parameters have been developed and tested. The testing results showed that the shape-memory property was not strengthened obviously with the increasing of shape-memory（SM） fiber line density.Moreover,plain woven fabric had the best shape-memory properties,but there were not obvious differences among other woven structures.In addition,with the increasing of fabric tightness,single-way SM fabric shape recovery ratio（SR） would decline and the shape fixity ratio（SF） would rise slightly,but both the SR and SF of two-way fabric would drop.When using bamboo fiber as the warp yarns,the fabric had the best shape-memory property.However,no evident differences were shown when using other fiber as warp yarn.Furthermore,the SR of two-way SM fabic was higher significantly than that of single-way fabric,but the SF of single-way SM fabric was superior to that of two-way fabric.Finally,the results showed that the other way of single-way SM fabric also had shape-memory function but with lower index,and as to fabrics with SM as weft yarn,the SF in warp direction was totally higher than that in weft direction.