刘勰回避宋齐文学而带来的理论缺失

On Mr. Liu Xie’s Theoretical Lost Caused by His Avoidance from the Literature of the Song and Qi Dynasties

南朝宋齐时期是一个三吴地区发展成为中国社会的经济中心,而文学进一步走向独立并取得了显著成果的时期。这个时期,以陶渊明、谢灵运、鲍照、谢眺等一批杰出诗人为代表的五言诗创作标志着诗歌走向成熟,从艺术上和诗学意义上为盛唐诗歌的繁荣做了准备。然而,刘勰在《文心雕龙》中却一定程度上对这个时期的文学采取了回避的态度。这妨碍了他对文学"新变"做更客观、更深入的考察,因而在文学理论意义上和文学史意义上都给《文心雕龙》带来了一定的缺失,特别在对文学的艺术特性和社会功能的认识上这种缺失较为明显。刘勰的巨大理论成就给我们留下了宝贵的精神财富;刘勰的理论缺失以及造成缺失的原因也应给我们有益的启示。

The Song and Qi period of the South dynasty was a time when the three areas controlled by Wu became an economical center of Chinese society, and the literature progressed to be independent and achieved an obvious success. In the period, the creation of five-character line style of poetry representative by a group of excellent poets, such as Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun, Xie Tiao and so on, marked the becoming mature of Chinese poetry. And it prepared at artistic and poetry significance for the prosperous creation of poems in the middle Tang dynasty. However, Mr. Liu Xie tent to avoid the literature of that time to an extent in his work ‘Wen Xin Diao Long’. It hindered him from investigating more objectively and deeply the new changes in literature, and so it brought the work some lost in its significance of literary theory and literature history, and especially obvious in its literary artistic nature and in the cognition of its social function. Of cause, Liu Xie’s great achievement in theory leaves us a preciously spiritual wealth, but his theoretical lost and its cause should also give us a useful enlightenment.