从“我给你一(把)刀”看量词缺省效应

An Investigation of the Effect of Classifier Default in "wo+gei+ni+yi+(ba)+dao"

对比分析汉语中的"我给你一把刀"和"我给你一刀",探究量词"把"缺省的句法效应及其句法语义界面阐释。一方面,在句法层面,提出量词最大投射,将这两种结构置于VP壳下研究,以补充VP壳理论,并推导出前者属于含名量词的述宾结构,后者属于含动量词的述补结构。另一方面,从认知角度出发探讨句法与语义的接口,表明前者属于具体"给予"意义下的物体转移过程,是一种相对的静态情景,后者是抽象"给予"意义下的动态情景。

It focuses on the syntactic effect of classifier default and a semantic - syntactic interfacing interpretation in ＂wo ＋ gei ＋ ni ＋ yi ＋ （ba） ＋dao＂. Firstly, the paper puts forward the maximal projection of classifiers in Chinese as a revision of VP - shell theory, and the noun classifier in ＂ gei ＋ ni ＋ yi ＋ ba ＋ dao＂ is explained as an object ; the verb classier in ＂gei ＋ ni ＋ yi ＋ dao＂ is a complement. Secondly, with respect to cognitive investigation, the prominence of ＂ gei ＋ ni ＋ yi ＋ ba ＋ dao＂ is a static situation; the prominence of ＂gei ＋ ni ＋ yi ＋ dao＂ is a dynamic situation.