苏轼变法思想探论

A Discussion on Su Shi's Idea of Political Reform

苏轼对待变法的态度存在着前后不一的"矛盾"。从仁宗朝的锐于进取,到神宗朝的敛退保守,苏轼的变法思想经历了一个起伏不定的过程。苏轼认为,变法是一项渐进的事业,必须贯彻"相济"思想和采取"持中"策略;变法必须崇"礼"重"德","任人"重于"任法"。苏轼变法思想体现了"尽其自然"的"任情理"宗旨,也有着"自信则惑"的意气用事。苏轼对变法思想的论述,透露着鲜明的文士习气。

There is a contradiction in Su Shi＇s attitude to the political reform which had undergone a fluctuating shift from his progressiveness in the period of Emperor Renzong to his conservativeness in time of Emperor Shenzong.Su Shi held that the political reform was a progressive cause in which the idea of the ＂Unity of Opposites＂ must be put forward and the strategy of ＂taking the middle course——Gold Mean＂ must be carried out.Moreover,the ritual must be adored and virtue must be valued,and the reform of personnel administration must weigh heavier than that of institutional system.On one hand,the natural law of following a thing＇s own rule as its aim was quite embodied in Su Shi＇s idea of political reform,on the other hand,self-conceit but under a delusion was revealed.Therefore,Su Shi＇ statement on the political reform displays a distinctive idiosyncrasy of men of letters.