人参根中寡糖的化学研究

Chemical Study of Panax ginseng Root Oligosaccharides

人参根的水提取液，经大孔树脂柱分离，水洗脱部分通过中空纤维超滤，超滤外液上活性炭柱，以水及乙醇梯度洗脱，得60％乙醇洗脱部分Pg-3。苯酚-硫酸法、Lowry法、间羟基联苯法测定Pg-3的总糖、蛋白质、糖醛酸的含量分别为76．10％、1．03％、微量；气相色谱测定PG-3组成糖及摩尔比为Rha：Ara：Xyl：Gal：GIe=2．86：5．69：1．00：2．49：184．63；HPLC测定Pg-3的分子量分布在0．3×10^3～1．2×10^3之间；GC．MS确定赡-3的糖苷键连接方式：1→4→6连接为主链，且以1-4连接为主，在C-3位上有分支；MS确定Pg-3是由三至七糖组成的寡糖混合物。

Using hot water extracted the Panax ginseng root, the aqueous extracts of Panax ginseng root was purified by macroporous resin, and the part of eluted by water uitrafiltrated, the ultrafihrated liquid through the active carban column, elution was carried out with water and different layers of ethanol liquid, analyzed the fraction of Pg-3 which eluted with 60% ethanol. Total carbohydrates, protein, uronic acids contents were assayed by the phenol-H2 S04, Lowry, and mhydroxybiphenyl,result ：Total carbohydrates and protein of Pg-3 which was oligosaccharide mixture were 76.10% and 1. 03% ,uronic acids was trace. Determination of component sugars was carried out on GC, components monosaccharide were Rha, Ara, Xyl, Gal, Glc, the molar rate was 2.86：5.69 ： 1.00：2.49 ： 184.63 ; Determination of molecular weight dis- tribution were carried out on HPLC, and the range was 0.3 ×10^3-1. 2 × 10^3 ; Determination of neutral glucosidic bond was carried out on GC-MS,in GC-MS analysis, partially methylated Pg-3 was demonstrated its neutral glucosidic bond： （1→4）, （1→6）-linkage with branches at the C-3. Determination of oligosaccharides fragment was carried out on MS, Pg-3 is oligosaccharide mixture composed from trisaccharide to septsaccharide.