论住宅小区车位和车库的所有权归属

On Ownership of the Residential Parking Spaces and Garage

小区车库属于民法上的"物",可以成为物权的客体,但车位是否属于民法上的"物",能否成为物权的客体,则应具体分析。在诸多判断车位和车库权利归属的学理标准中,"土地使用权"标准是有物权法依据的标准,应优先适用。各类小区停车位的所有权应法定地归全体业主共有。有独立建设用地使用权的车库,其初始产权应归开发商,但在开发商将其出售或附赠于业主以后,其产权归业主专有。无独立建设用地使用权的车库,其产权应归全体业主共有。由人防工程改建的地下车库的所有权也应法定地归全体业主共有,以维护公共利益。

The residential garage belongs to the ＂objects＂ of the Civil Code and can become the object of property,but it should be given a specific analysis whether the residential parking space belongs to the ＂objects＂ of Civil Code and whether it can become the object of property.In a number of the academic standards of judging the attribution of rights and the ownership of the parking spaces and the garage,the ＂rights of using land＂ standard is based on the Property Law standards,which should be given priority.Various types of ownership of residential parking spaces should be possessed legally by all the owners.The garage with an independent right to use land shall be possessed by the initial developer.But after the developer sells it or gives it to the owners of the property,it belongs to the proprietary owners.For the garage without independent right to use land for construction,its property shall be possessed by all the owners.And the ownership of the underground garage which is rebuilt from civil air defense projects should also be legally possessed by all the owners in order to protect the public interests.