杜甫《赠花卿》诗微言辩释——与杨义先生商榷

Expatiation for the Metaphor of Du Fu’s Poem which Named "Present for Minister Hua"——Debate with Mr Yang Yi

杨义先生的《李杜诗学》以"悟后解诗"法分析杜甫时政诗之一《赠花卿》,认为它在政治层面"并无所指",并以此为点对传统的解杜法提出了质疑,认为杜诗"所谓的"意在言外其实是"过分牵系儒家经义"。然而从《赠花卿》创作的时代背景如时间、地点等方面入手,同时对诗歌本身进行感情层面的推敲,杨义先生的观点并不能令人信服。此外,杜甫的入世心态、唐代"以诗鉴治"的政治需求决定了杜甫以时政入诗的必然性与可能性;唐诗以"含蓄"为美的传统又决定了此类诗歌传达主旨时的隐蔽性,因而杜诗是否"意在言外",有待与杨义先生进行商榷。

Mr Yang Yi analyze one of Du Fu＇s curent politics poems which named ＂present for minister Hua＂ with the ＂explain poems after realizing＂ methord in his book ＂Li Du Shi Xue＂, claims that the poem has not any political implication, and questioned the traditional way in which to explain Du Fu＇s ＂trapped in opinion and regulation of Rujia＂ poems as ＂have political implication＂. But if we consider the respects such as time, place of the era＇s background in which ＂present for minister Hua＂ was created, and think about the emotional aspect of the poem itself at the same time, Mr Yang Yi＇s viewpoint can not be persuasive. In addition, Du Fu＇s desiration for his political development, political demand for ＂talk about current politics in poems＂ of Tang Dynasty, make it certainly and possible for the poet to write politics; and the ＂implicit tradition＂ make this kind of works to express their substance snugly. So it needs to discuss with Mr Yang about this question before perorate so early.