提高茄子制种产量的研究初报

Study on Improving Seed Yield of Eggplant

探讨了不同品种、不同留种方式对茄子制种产量及质量的影响。结果表明，单果种子数以第５层果最多，其余依次为第４层果、第３层果、第２层果；种子质量以第２层果最佳，第３层及第４层果的种子质量居中，第５层果的种子质量最差；通过植株留种部位控制，可提高第３层果及第４层果的种子质量；单株留种方式以第３层留４果，第４层留２果的方式最佳，无论何种方式留种，留种果均不宜超出第４层果；不同品种的单果种子数差异很大，在制种时亲本应选择单果种子数多的品种。

Different cultivars and seed fruit reserving ways were investigated to improve seed yield and quality of eggplant. The results showed that the seed numbers per fruit produced by different fruiting layer was ranked as follows: the fifth, the fourth,the third and the second fruiting layer. Fruits on the second fruiting layer produced the best seed quality. The worst seed quality was in the fruits on the fifth fruiting layer.Fruits on the third and fourth fruiting layer produced intermediate seed quality. It could improve the seed quality of the third and fourth fruiting layer by controlling the reserving seed fruit ways . The best way of reserving seed fruit was 4 fruits on the third fruiting layer and 2 fruits on the fourth fruiting layer. In spite of all, the reserving seed fruit was not higher than the fourth fruiting layer. Seed numbers per fruit was significantly difference among cultivars.It was important to select fruit with more seed as mother plant for seed production.