武汉市新洲区农户消费活动的空间特征研究

THE STUDY ON THE SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS' CONSUMPTION ACTIVITY IN XINZHOU COUNTY OF WUHAN CITY

农户消费活动空间是乡村空间结构的一种表现和组成部分,在受到乡村已有的物质空间和社会空间结构影响的同时,也不断塑造并形成新的乡村空间结构。在对武汉市新洲区3个乡镇11个村326户访谈和问卷调查的基础上,总结了农户消费行为的一般特征。认为农户消费活动总体上呈现距离衰减规律和空间分异特征,形成两带三圈层的空间结构模式。交通工具对农户消费空间的扩展有较大影响。同时,农户消费活动也受个人及其社会经济属性的制约。研究结果表明,农户消费空间偏好具有明显的性别差异;家庭经济收入和年龄是农户消费空间结构形成的主要影响因素,而农户受教育程度对农户消费空间的形成没有明显影响。

In the past 20 years, the households have got free action space with the rural political and economic reform as well as the promotion of ＂putting people first＂ principle. Households＇ spatial-activities underwent dramatic changes when certain social-economic situation permittted, especially the households＇ consumption behavior which has met the spatial demand of diversification and individuation in the new period. Their consumption contents and space broke traditional consumption space pattern. Furthermore, consumption activities are influenced by social-economic system on one hand and deeply affect villages＇ space structure on the other hand. So in the background of urbanization, it is important to make new countryside construction planning and to solve the space problems in village spatial-layout adjustment by studying the spatial activity preference of households＇ consumption from a microcosmic perspective and by forecasting the trend and impact of households＇ consumption spatial-activities. At present, the achievements of households＇ consumption activities gradually increase in academic field, but most of them focus on agricultural economics fields. The paper summarizs the common features of households＇ consumption activities based on on-site inspections and questionnaire survey of 326 families from 11 villages, 3 different towns in Xinzhou District. The study shows that： firstly, the gender differences are notable in households＇ spatial consumption preferences; secondly, the incomes and age are main factors in forming households＇ consumption spatial structure; thirdly, households＇ education level has no obvious influences on the formation of households＇ consumption space.