试论建立反倾销行动快速控制机制

An Initial Approach on Swift Control Mechanism for Anti-dumping

反倾销是WTO允许的贸易救济制度之一,其目的是为了抵制不公平贸易行为。但在实践中,反倾销并没有起到国际贸易"矫正器"或者国内产业"安全阀"的作用,相反,反倾销滥用正成为贸易自由化进程中的"毒瘤"。为了遏制这种滥用,大量的反倾销受害国将美国、欧盟等国家和地区的反倾销立法与措施诉诸WTO争端解决机制。但是,被奉为"皇冠上的明珠"的WTO争端解决机制是不完善的,它在处理反倾销争端方面存在耗时太长、效率偏低和威摄力不足等缺陷。为此,应当考虑在现有WTO争端解决机制的基础上建立反倾销行动快速控制机制,通过设立反倾销常设专家组,扩大争端解决管辖范围,缩短审理期限,同时强化专家组裁决的执行力度等措施,有效遏制反倾销滥用,促进国际贸易自由化。

Anti-dumping is one of the few permitted trade remedies to protect domestic industry by offsetting unfair trade. However, as a matter of fact anti-dumping is not functioned as a good 'adjustor' to international trade or 'safe valve' for domestic industry, instead it turns out to be a toxic asset to world trade mechanism. In order to reduce its adverse effect, many targeted countries brought some most frequent users such as the U.S. and EU into the WTO Dispute Settlement System (DSU), challenging their anti-dumping laws, regulations as well as practices. However, the DSU is weak for extraordinary prolonged timeframe, inefficiency and without apparent binding effect. Thus, it is critically necessary to establish a Swift Control Mechanism for Anti-dumping, incorporating certain key elements such as setting up a permanent panel for anti-dumping, expanding its jurisdiction, straight-lining timeframe for such disputes and strengthening implementation thereof, so as to curb abusive usage of antidumping actions and promote free trade.