论科举与文学关系的层级结构——以宋代科举为例

On the Hierarchical Structure of the Relationship between Imperial Examination System and Literature

科举与文学的关系十分复杂,简单而笼统地提"促进"或"促退",都不符合事实,也难以服人。以宋代科举为例,科举与文学的关系大体上分为科举考试和科举制度两个级层。前者对文学主要是促退的,后者主要是促进的。层级结构的划分,或可揭示事实真相,避免认识的片面性,以求在科举与文学关系的问题上达成共识。

The relationship between the imperial examination system and literature is very complex. It is not consistent with the facts and can not be convincing to say that their relationship is just a matter of facilitation or debilitation. In this paper,the imperial examination system is set as an example and the relationship between the imperial examination system and literature is divided into two levels,that is,imperial examination and imperial examination system. The former mainly hindered the literature and the latter mainly facilitated the literature. This hierarchical structure may reveal the truth and avoid one-sidedness so as to reach a consensus on issues of the imperial examination system and literature.