空青山次生阔叶林群落类型及物种多样性研究

STUDIES ON COMMUNITY TYPES AND SPECIES DIVERSITY OF SECONDARY BROAD-LEAVED FORESTS IN KONGQING MOUNTAIN

空青山次生阔叶林可划分为两个植被类型：落叶阔叶林和落叶－常绿阔叶混交林；６个群系：栓皮栎林、麻栎林、白栎林、黄连木－白蜡树－白花龙林，栓皮栎－冬青林，白栎－冬青林，８个群丛。由于人为干扰较大，常绿成分残存较少，外貌上近似落叶阔叶林。笔者对各个群丛的结构特征进行了研究并加以描述。对群落物种多样性的研究结果表明，物种多样性指数表现为灌木层＞草本层＞乔木层；不同群落类型不同层次的物种多样性的大小与立地条件，林分郁闭度以及受干扰的情况有关。

The primary community at Kongqing mountain was evergreen forest mixed with deciduous broad-leaved trees. Because of human disturbance, the secondary deciduous broad-leaved forest is dominant.The secondary forests at Kongqing mountain could be divided into two types, deciduous broad-leaved forest and deciduous broad-leaved forest mixed with evergreen broad-leaved trees,six formations,which are Quercus variabilis 、 Q.acutissima 、 Q.fabri 、 Pistasia chinensis 、 Q.variabilis-Ilex purpurea、Q.fabri-Ilex purpurea forests respectively. Species richness,evenness and species diversity index of forest communities were discussed.They are relative to site conditions、crown density and human disturbances.Generally,species diversity is higher,if the site of stands is better.The species diversity of the stands of secondary succession stage is higher than climax community. The human disturbances or lower crown density may be the causes of increasing diversity.Species diversity index for different stratum was in the following order:shrub stratum>herb stratum>tree stratum.