老年人夫妻依恋问卷的编制

The Development of the Questionnaire of Marital Attachment for Older Adults

为编制适用于老年人的夫妻依恋测量问卷,将18份常用的成人依恋问卷的题目作为最初的项目来源,经过预试初步筛选得到85个项目。对434名60～88岁的社区老年人进行施测,并对施测结果进行项目分析和探索性因素分析,初步形成《老年人夫妻依恋问卷》。该问卷包含18个项目,分属于安全、焦虑和拒绝三个维度。该问卷具有良好的信度和效度,可用于测量城市社区老年人的夫妻依恋状况。运用《老年人夫妻依恋问卷》对样本的依恋模式进行考察,发现老年人夫妻依恋模式的分布特点表现为:安全型依恋模式的人数比例最高,其次是焦虑型依恋,最少是拒绝型依恋。

To develop a questionnaire measuring the marital attachment style for older people, items from 18 existent and widely used questionnaires were collected together as the item source. After the initial screening by pilot study, 85 items were identified as the primary items of the questionnaire. And then 434 older people aged from 60 to 88 years old completed this 85-item measurement. Among the participants, 222 were male and 212 were female. With item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, 18 items were identified as good representative of the questionnaire. Factory analysis indicated that the final 18 - item scale comprised three sub - scales, namely security, anxiety and avoidance. The reliability and validity were examined respectively and showed that the questionnaire had satisfactory psychometric features. The distribution of attachment style among older adults was explored tentatively with the sample. With discriminative analysis, all the participants could be categorized into three types of attachment styles, i.e. secure attachment with the highest ratio, anxious attachment and refusal attachment with the lowest ratio.