科学建设新疆棉区

Study on Scientific Construction of Xinjiang Cotton Region

本文在充分分析了国内外棉花发展的形势下,阐述了新疆棉区作为我国高产、优质、规模大的新兴棉区的生产条件和生产形势。建议国家在棉田基本建设上予以支持以扩大成果。基于水资源和土地承载力的分析,新疆应加强节水,植棉保持适宜规模。新疆土地多、人口少,机械化程度高,完全可协调好粮棉关系,不存在粮棉争地矛盾。加强监测,科学治虫,新疆棉区棉铃虫不会酿成大灾。棉花栽培要合理轮作、培肥地力。新疆应引进季节性劳工,不要急于采用机械摘棉。新疆应发展高档纺织技术,不要将内地落后技术向新疆转移。增加科技投入,选育抗性强、省水、早熟、大铃、抗病虫、高光效的棉花品种。

Based on the full analyses of cotton developmental situation in the domestic and overseas markets, the specific analysis for Xinjiang cotton region are also expounded. Some sug gestions obtained through studies are: the capital constructions of cotton field are needed to be supported by state. Saving water and keeping suitable scale of cotton planting areas are needed to be enhanced according to the bearing capacity of water and soil resources. Because of the abun dant land , not heavy of population and high extent mechanization, the relationship between grain and cotton production can be coordinated completely and the contradictory of land competition will not existed. The boll-worm will not become calamity so long as the monitor are enhanced and insects and pests are control with scientific approach. Keeping rational cropping rotation and raising soil fertility are necessary in cultivation. Importing seasonal laborers from other provinces, don't adopting mechanization, is suitable for picking open boll under the present situation. Top grade technical of spinning and weaving are needed to develope in Xinjiang, not the backward technology diverted from other provinces. It's necessary to raise the investments for breeding new varieties with the good properties, suchas disease resistance, saving water, early maturity, big boll and high efficiency of light, and aoon .