金融危机背景下我国贸易结构变动与风险因素分析

On the Structure and Risk of China's Foreign Trade under the Financial Crisis

改革开放以来,我国对外贸易额增长迅速。但总量趋势反映不出我国外贸发展的结构问题。文章基于现有研究文献和一位数国际贸易标准分类数据构建了我国各类商品的贸易竞争力指数,分析表明,我国对外贸易增长仍然是基于低技术产品、廉价劳动力形成的比较优势,还没有形成竞争优势。为此,应积极开拓市场,继续转变外贸产品结构,提升出口产中的技术含量;进一步扩大内需,同时重视进口对经济增长的长期推动作用。

The amount of China＇ s foreign trade has increased greatly since the reform and opening-up policy was implemented. But such an overall trade increase can not reflect the real problems existing in the structure of trade. This paper reviews the literature about trade structure, analyzes the structure of China＇ s foreign trade, and finds that China＇ s trade increase still relies on its comparative advantages of low technology products and cheap labor. It analyzes the risk factors for China＇ s steady growth of trade, and proposes some policy advices.