云南省腾冲县森林植被光谱特征的分析

Primary Analysis of the Spectrum Feature of Different Vegetation in Tengchong County of Yunnan Province

森林树种光谱特征的测定和分析对森林植被遥感应用具有极其重要的意义.以云南省腾冲县为例,利用SE590地物光谱仪对其主要森林树种的反射光谱进行了测定;对光谱特征以及其一阶导数特征进行了分析,揭示出了其光谱特征.研究表明:亚热带常绿阔叶林、亚热带针叶林和亚热带落叶阔叶林等植被类型,因其树种间光谱特征混淆严重,而难以彼此区分;根据其反射率在750～1 100 nm范围上的差异,可将其归为4类;就各植被类型而言,其树种间在光谱曲线坡度,以及在770～1 010 nm范围上具有显著差异,可据此将其区分;木姜子、桤木、杉木、红桦、西南桦、大叶木荷、秃杉和小叶木荷等因具有其独特的光谱一阶导数特征,据此可以识别提取.

The measurement and analysis of the spectrum of forest vegetation and tree species are very important for applying remote sensing in forest.The spectrum data of the different tree species are gotten by using SE590 hyper-spectral radiometer in Tengchong county of Yunnan province.The spectrum curves of tree species are made based on the spectrum data.The spectrum features are analyzed based on the spectrum data and its first order derivative.It is shown that it is difficulty to differentiate each vegetation type among sub-tropical evergreen forest,sub-tropical coniferous forest and sub-tropical deciduous forest because of the mixture of their tree spectra.According to the reflection index in the wavelengths of 750 nm to 1 100 nm,the tree species can be divided into 4 groups with descend in reflectivity.Each tree specie can be differentiated from each other according to its slope of the spectrum curve and its reflection index in the wavelengths of 770 nm to 1 010 nm for each forest vegetation type.The unique first order derivative feature can be used to identify litsea,alder,fir,red birch,southwest birch,large schima confertiflora,taiwania flousian and small leaf schima confertiflora.