第三性别现象探析

Research on the phenomenon of "Third Gender"

第三性别现象拟可以分为七种基本形态:一是第三性别,具有生物遗传学存在,总量增多,不成主流的特点;二是中性,具有社会、心理角色改变而生物解剖生理状态未变的特点;三是变性,具有解剖生理学人工改变,社会心理角色亦变的特点;四是装扮性变,具有职业特征明显,表演特征显著,历史地域局限的特点;五是角色惯性变,具有以日常性、习惯性、行为性改变为主的特点;六是同性恋,具有可能有生物、生理学改变,明显心理角色改变伴性社会角色变异的特点;七是误解性别角色,具有社会和行为误解的特点。从生物及心理社会学角度归类,第三性别、变性、同性恋以生物遗传及解剖学改变为主;装扮性变、角色惯性变、误解性别角色以心理社会学改变为主;中性也许二者兼。未来趋势受生物技术、医药技术、计算机技术、纳米技术及生命观、价值观、审美观和心理定位、社会角色、婚姻家庭、环境因素的影响,具有主流和支流、传统和时新、单一和多样、渐变和突变、现实和虚拟、有性和无性、生物和心理(行为)、生物和社会(存在)共存共融的形态。

The phenomenon of ＂Third Gender＂ can be represented in the following seven forms： 1） the third gender genetically determined： This group is increasing in number but not becoming the mainstream;2） neutral gender： This group of people assumes altered social and psychological role,but remain unaltered biologically.3） transgender： This group of people are sexually reassigned both physically and psychologically;4） gender change in costume：The people in this group are distinguished by their professions,acting characteristics,historical and geographical origins;5） gender change in roles： These people are characterized by changes of their routine,habitual and behavioral gender roles.6） homosexuals： These people have possible biological changes,but have evident psychological role changes as well as social role changes.7） misunderstood gender roles： The people are characterized by social and behavorial misunderstanding.From biological and sociopsychological perspective,the third gender,transgender and homosexuals can mainly fall into the category of genetic gender changes;while gender change in costume and roles,and misunderstood gender roles can be mainly characterized by sociopsychological changes;Neutral gender can be both genetic and socialpsychological.With the development of biotechnique,medical and computer technique,and the changes of life,value,aesthetic,social and marriage concept,the phenomenon of ＂Third Gender＂ will express itself in coexistence of diverse constituents： namely,the coexistence of mainstream and branches,unitarity and multiplicity,tradition and modern,virtuality and reality,biological and psychological behaviors,etc.