再谈四川盆地小麦品种产量性状的育种目标

On Breeding Goal of Yeild Characters of Wheat in Sichuan

用近10年的小麦区试资料，从粒重的角度将四川麦区小麦品种分为“大粒型”（千粒重50g左右）、“中间型”（千粒重45g左右，穗粒数40粒左右）和“粒数型”（千粒重40g左右，稳粒数50粒以上）三类，通过相关及因子分析表明：我省推广小麦品种大多属“中间型”，该类品种丰产性、稳产性及商品性都较优良；“粒数型”品种的丰产性和稳产性在三类品种中最好但粒重较小，商品性欠佳；而“大粒型”品种对环境适应性较差，不利高产稳产。四川小麦育种宜采用“中间型”或“粒数型”路线，特别是产量水平要有所突破，更须走“粒数型”的路子。

According regional test data of wheat varieties recent 10 year in Sichuan and on the basis of grain weight, the wheat varieties of Sichuan were divided into three types, namely, 'grin weight' (weight of 1000 grains: some 50 g), 'grain num-ber' (weight of 1000 grains: about 45 g; grain number of ear: some 40 grains)and 'intermedi ary' (weight of 1 000 grai ns: som 40 g ). The result ind icated through correlativity and factor analyses that most wheat varieties populdried in Sichuan are ' intermediary'. The 'intermediary' varieties have high and stable productivety and are welcom in Tnaret. The 'grain number'varieties have the best preductivety and stability but their kernels are small and no welcome in market. The 'grain weight' varieties can not adapt to environmental conditions very well and are not good for high and stable productdri. The wheat breeding goal of high production in Sichuan may be achieved if the 'intermediary' or 'grain number' way be taken.